Naturalization and Form N-400: How Congruence Law, P.C. Helps Lawful Permanent Residents Become U.S. Citizens

For many immigrants, becoming a U.S. citizen represents the final step in a long journey toward legal security, civic participation, and a permanent home in the United States. The pathway to citizenship begins with Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, and completing this process successfully requires careful attention to eligibility, documentation, and legal readiness. At Congruence Law, P.C., we assist lawful permanent residents with every stage of the naturalization process—ensuring that each client applies with clarity, confidence, and a strong record.

Form N-400 is the official application for U.S. citizenship. To be eligible, most applicants must:

• Be at least 18 years old;

• Have held lawful permanent resident (green card) status for at least 5 years, or 3 years if married to a U.S. citizen;

• Have been physically present in the United States for at least half of the required residency period;

• Have continuously resided in the U.S. and maintained lawful status;

• Demonstrate good moral character;

• Pass English language and civics tests (with exceptions for age/disability);

• Be willing to take the Oath of Allegiance to the United States.

At Congruence Law, P.C., we begin by evaluating each client’s immigration history to ensure they meet the statutory requirements. We identify potential obstacles—such as extended absences from the U.S., tax compliance issues, prior criminal charges, or conflicting records—that could delay or endanger the application. We also review previous green card filings and interactions with immigration agencies to ensure consistency across the record.

We assist with the preparation and submission of a complete N-400 package, including supporting documents such as green card copies, travel history, tax transcripts, marriage and divorce certificates (where applicable), and certified court records for any arrests or charges, regardless of outcome. Our filings are organized to present a clear, credible application aligned with USCIS expectations.

Applicants must attend a biometrics appointment and an in-person naturalization interview at a USCIS field office. During the interview, the officer will review the applicant’s background, assess eligibility, and administer the required English and civics exams. We help our clients prepare for this interview with tailored support, including sample questions, document review, and clarification of any past legal or immigration issues.

Common pitfalls in the naturalization process include:

• Misunderstanding travel limits (e.g., long absences that disrupt “continuous residence”);

• Failing to disclose prior criminal issues, even when expunged;

• Errors or inconsistencies in prior filings (e.g., I-485 or green card renewals);

• Incomplete understanding of the English and civics exam requirements;

• Filing while a removal proceeding, criminal case, or prior application issue remains unresolved.

At Congruence Law, we help clients avoid these complications through thorough case analysis and document preparation. For clients with past convictions, we evaluate whether they still meet the good moral characterrequirement and may advise waiting or submitting additional evidence to support rehabilitation and eligibility.

We also represent applicants who may qualify for special naturalization rules, including:

• Military naturalization under INA §§ 328 or 329;

• Disability waivers for testing requirements (Form N-648);

• Derivation of citizenship through U.S. citizen parents.

Once approved, clients attend a naturalization oath ceremony where they take the Oath of Allegiance and receive a Certificate of Naturalization. This certificate confers full rights of U.S. citizenship, including the ability to vote, obtain a U.S. passport, and petition for family members under immediate relative categories.

Becoming a U.S. citizen is more than a legal status—it’s a personal milestone with lasting impact. At Congruence Law, P.C., we’re honored to support our clients through this final and transformative step in their immigration journey.

If you are a lawful permanent resident considering naturalization, contact us at immigration@congruence.com to schedule a consultation. We’re here to help you navigate the process and achieve the full rights and responsibilities of U.S. citizenship.